题目内容：

    Peter Ripken loves literature and reads books by writers all over the world. He learned years ago that not all nations permit writers to express themselves freely. In fact, free expression can be quite dangerous in many places.

So, Ripken decided to act. He helped establish an organization, the International Cities of Refuge Network (ICORN), to protect writers. Its founders sought to persuade cities, not central governments, to give refuge to persecuted(受迫害的)writers. He was involved right from the beginning, from the mid-1990s, to set up this program.

Originally, he had a different view of his future as a young man. He thought of becoming a bookseller because of his reading obsession when he was 15. But he did not become a bookseller. Instead, in the late 1960s, Ripken began a five year stint as a manager in an aid organization working in Africa. But his love for the written word remained strong. He then worked for three years as a deputy editor for the Africa section at the Voice of Germany. Despite his love for the job, when asked to join an organization promoting African, Asian and Latin American literature, Ripken didn’t hesitate. He had fun travelling to literature conferences and holding workshops with publishers and authors. That’s why he did the job for 20 years.

Ripken grew up reading German authors. But his interest broadened to other European and American literature. Then, he found what he called books "outside the norm(常态)". This helped grow his interest in political developments in other regions.

In 2016，Ripken retired after several years as ICORN’s chairman. But he is still active in the organization. His goal is to increase the group’s capacity to protect and promote writers and artists at risk around the world. He said he hoped to be remembered as somebody who had promoted creativity and supported literature as a political tool and source of enjoyment.

1.What’s the role of Ripken in the development of ICORN?

A.A monitor. B.A co-founder.

C.A consultant. D.An analyst.

2.What might Ripken work as in 1975?

A.A bookseller. B.A manager.

C.A deputy editor. D.A staff in ICORN.

3.What contributes to Ripken’s active involvement in ICORN?

A.He grew up reading German authors.

B.He loved travelling and meeting people.

C.He’s obsessed with literature all over the world.

D.He concerned himself about political developments via literature.

4.What might be talked about in the paragraph following the passage?

A.Why politics influences literature.

B.Why literature itself is a pleasure.

C.How ICORN has become so international.

D.How people read works of literature "outside the norm".