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One of a doctors’ most valuable tools is his nose. Since ancient times, medics have relied on their ...
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One of a doctors’ most valuable tools is his nose. Since ancient times, medics have relied on their sense of smell to help them work out what is wrong with their patients. Fruity odors (气味) on the breath, for example, let them monitor the condition of diabetics (糖尿病病人).
But doctors can, as it were, smell only what they can smell—and many compounds characteristic of disease are odorless. To deal with this limitation, Hossam Haick, a chemical engineer at the Technion Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa, has developed a device which, he claims, can do work that the human nose cannot.
The idea behind Dr. Haick’s invention is not new. Many diagnostic “breathalysers” already exist, and sniffer dogs, too, can be trained to detect illnesses such as cancer. Most of these approaches, though, are disease-specific. Dr. Haick wanted to generalize the process.
As he describes in ACS Nano, he and his colleagues created a series of electrodes made of carbon nanotubes (纳米碳管). Each of these had one of 20 organic films laid over it. Each film was sensitive to one of a score of compounds known to be found on the breath of patients suffering from a range of 17 illnesses, including Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and bladder cancer. When a film reacted, its electrical resistance changed in a predictable manner. The combined changes produced an electrical fingerprint that would be diagnostic of the disease a patient was suffering from.
To test their invention, Dr. Haick and his colleagues collected 2,808 breath samples from 1,404 patients who were suffering from at least one of the diseases. Its success varied. It could distinguish between samples from patients suffering from gastric cancer and bladder cancer only 64% of the time. At distinguishing lung cancer from head and neck cancer it was, though, 100% successful. Overall, it got things right 86% of the time. Not perfect, but a useful aid to a doctor planning to conduct further investigations. And this is only the first model. Slightly adjusted, its success rate would be expected to improve.
1.How useful is nose to doctors?
A.They can smell what other people can’t.
B.They could tell which diseases are odorless.
C.They diagnose illness through their sense of smell.
D.They will apply new device to helping with diagnosing illness.
2.What is the most special aspect of the new invention?
A.It can help detect more than one disease.
B.It is made of a series of electrodes.
C.It works through analyzing patients’ electrical fingerprints.
D.It can be used to help diagnose cancers.
3.What can we infer about the device?
A.It’s the first invention by using principle of sense of smell.
B.It will be a useful tool in diagnosing lung cancer.
C.Its success rate differs from patient to patient.
D.It can successfully tell Bladder cancer from other cancers.
4.What is the best title for this passage?
A.High Tech in diagnosing illness B.A new way in diagnosing illness
C.Diagnosing illness can be easy D.Diagnosing illness by smell
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